Muḥarram
The first month of the Islāmic calendar
Muḥarram is one of the four sacred months of the Islāmic calendar. It is also the first month of the lunar calendar & holds many virtues in the sharīʿah. Muḥarram is referred to as “Shahrullāh” i.e. the month of Allāh.
ʿĀshūrāʾ & its Fast
The Quraysh used to fast on the 10 th of Muḥarram. When Rasūlullāh (ṣallallāhuʿalayhi wasallam) came to Madīnah, he too instructed the Muslims to observe this fast. However, when the fasts of Ramaḍān became obligatory, the fast of ʿĀshūrāʾ was made optional (yet its virtue remained). (Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī)
Ḥafṣah – the beloved wife of Rasūlullāh said that Rasūlullāh would not leave out the fasts of ʿĀshūrāʾ. (Sunan al-Bayhaqī)
In one Ḥadīth, Rasūlullāh described the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ as Allāh’s day and encouraged fasting on this day. (Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim). In another narration, Rasūlullāh instructed the Muslims to either fast a day before or after along with the fast of the 10 th of Muḥarram. (Sunan al-Bayhaqī)
Being Generous
Rasūlullāh is reported to have said: “One who spends generously on his family on the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ, Allah will inflate his sustenance for the rest of that year.” (Sunan al-Bayhaqī)
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